Interesting science facts - Brain

Brain is center of the nervous system, located in head. Brain is only 3 per cent of the body's weight, but uses almost 1/5 of total body energy (close to 20 %), mostly for maintenance function.

Human brain consists of approximately 100 billion neurons (responsive cells in the nervous system that process and transmit information by electrochemical signaling). Average weight of brain by newly born is about 350-400g. Brain grows in size until the age of 18.

Unconsciousness is the result of brain not getting enough blood supply. It happens after 8-10 seconds without blood supply. About 750ml of blood pumps through human brain every minute. Brain is in average 140mm wide, 167mm long and 93mm high.

Weight of human brain is very small compared to elephants brain (6000g compared to 1400 g) but is lot bigger than a monkey's brain (95g). Human brain is capable of having more ideas than the number of atoms in the known universe. Brain has delicate nature which makes it vulnerable to numerous diseases and several types of damage.

Brain is basically divided into two sides. The left side of your brain controls the right side of your body while the right side of your brain controls the left side of your body. Brains control human behavior either by activating muscles, or by causing secretion of chemicals such as hormones.

There are still lot of unanswered things about how the brain works despite significant progress in science. Some animals like jellyfish and starfish have a decentralized nervous system without a brain. Brain size does not proportionally increase with body size.

Brain stroke happens when disturbance in the blood supply causes developing loss of brain functions. Brain tumor is an abnormal growth of cells, usually within the brain, that can be either malign or benign.

The left side of our brain is often considered as the rational side of the brain because it deals with such things as language, mathematical processes, and logical analysis. The right side of our brain is often considered as the creative side of the brain, associated with abstract, non-verbal functions such as music, visual images, emotions. Men have 4% more brain cells than women, and about 100 grams more of brain tissue.

No x86 Compatibility on ARM Version of Windows 8

The ARM version of Windows 8 might have just become the most desired version of Windows in our hearts and minds. After us talking about legacy code and backwards compatibility in Windows for years now, an Intel senior vice president, Renee James, has just stated that Windows 8 on ARM will not have any form of compatibility for legacy applications whatsoever.  

Update: Microsoft has responded to Intel's claims. "Intel's statements during yesterday's Intel Investor Meeting about Microsoft's plans for the next version of Windows were factually inaccurate and unfortunately misleading," the company said, "From the first demonstrations of Windows on SoC, we have been clear about our goals and have emphasized that we are at the technology demonstration stage. As such, we have no further details or information at this time."

It's no secret that Microsoft is working on a tablet user interface experience for Windows 8. This new user interface will run on both Intel and ARM chips (obviously), but Intel has confirmed that while the x86 version of Windows 8 will obviously be able to run the vast collection of legacy applications, the ARM version will not. "Our competitors will not be running legacy applications. Not now. Not ever," James said. 

The setup seems to be that Windows 8 will come in two trees, if you will: Windows 8 'traditional', as Intel puts it, runs on x86 and includes a Windows 7 mode to run legacy applications. The ARM version of Windows 8 will not have this Windows 7 mode for legacy applications. What intrigues me is this: does this mean that on x86, the Windows 7 mode is optional? That you can simply not install it and only run new applications? 

If that's the case, then we could be looking at a significantly leaner Windows 8, where much of the legacy stuff has been relegated to an optional package. This would be the culmination of a lage, ongoing project within the Windows team to componentise and restructure the Windows operating system, a process which started somewhere in 2002 or 2003. 

In any case, if Intel is telling the truth here, it will at least mean that the ARM version of Windows 8 will not include any Rosetta-like technology (not unsurprising, since ARM is not (yet) fast enough to properly emulate x86), and that the recently demonstrated ARM version of Office is indeed fully native.

New supersonic jet - twice the speed of Concorde

A British firm has unveiled plans for a supersonic plane that will travel twice the speed of Concorde and slash journey times across the Atlantic. HyperMach revealed its plans for the SonicStar aircraft at the Paris Air Show last week and claims the plane will be so quick that travelling from London to New York will take just two hours. 

A trip from New York to Sydney, meanwhile, will be cut by a staggering 75 per cent - from 20 hours on a commercial airliner to just five hours. The 20-seat plane will be able to cruise at Mach 3.1, a speed made possible by S-MAGJET hybrid gas turbine engine technology; nobody has ever travelled that fast before.

Its top speed, however, will be Mach 3.6. Richard Lugg, the chief executive of HyperMach, said: 'Mankind has always been inspired to do things better, quicker and faster and that is our ambition.' HyperMach plans to build its engine by the end of the decade and to have the plane itself constructed by 2025.

With relatively low fuel consumption, the Sonic Star 'overcomes the economic and environmental challenges of  supersonic flight to revolutionise the way we travel and drive air transportation forward into the future,' claims HyperMach.

By using electromagnetic currents across the fuselage to suppress the sonic boom, the plane is able to overcome the noise regulations that constrict supersonic travel. It has a range of 6,000 nautical miles and its 54,700 thrust class S-MAGJET engine - actually two engines - is optimised to fly the aircraft at 62,000ft. But it is the reduction in jet engine emissions that HyperMach believes will prove the secret of SonicStar's success.

A spokesman said: 'The engine is a true hybrid. It generates massive electrical power on board using proprietary integrated turbine electromagnetic generation technology to segment each engine rotating component stage electrically. 'Every stage from bypass fans to compressor to turbine, rotates independently of the other.'

This segmentation will enable the engine to change the operating speeds of its rotating components continually throughout the flight to respond to the changing conditions of the atmosphere and the flight and performance demands of the aircraft. HyperMach claims that this, along with the S-MAGJET plasma fuel combustion technology, will result in a 40 to 50 per cent increase in the ability of the engine to convert fuel to thrust. The company said such fuel efficiency would ultimately lead to a 30 to 35 per cent reduction in fuel used as supersonic speeds.

Planes Make Rain That Wets Airport Terrain

Airplanes flying through super-cooled clouds around airports can cause condensation that results in more snow and rain nearby, according to a new study.

The correct conditions for this inadvertent weather modification occur about 5 percent of the time -- but 10-to-15 percent in winter -- according to Andrew J. Heymsfield of the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colo., lead author of the study appearing in Friday's edition of the journal Science.

Aircraft take off into the wind, he noted, so if they are generating extra ice particles upwind of an airport, the result can be snow right on the airport. That might mean planes will require more de-icing, he said, though other researchers weren't so sure.

The team was investigating holes or canals that are sometimes seen drilled in clouds after an airplane has passed through. Studying six commercial airports, they found that increased snow and rainfall occurs in areas where the unusual cloud holes appear, usually within 60 miles of the airport. Places farther away from an airport are more likely to be at higher altitudes, above the clouds.

The added rain or snowfall occurred when conditions in the clouds were super-cooled. That means the clouds were made up of water droplets that were colder than freezing, but which had not yet frozen. Water in the atmosphere can remain liquid at temperatures below freezing if it doesn't have any type of nucleus to freeze onto, such as bits of dust or salt. It will freeze without a nucleus when it gets very cold, however -- about minus 40 degrees.

It turns out, when an airplane passes through one of these clouds the movement of air around the tips of the propeller, or over the wings of a jet, causes a sudden cooling of the air, sometimes down to the critical point where the droplets freeze. They then can fall to earth as snow or rain, depending on whether or not the air is warm enough to melt them on the way down.

But that still did not explain why the holes and canals can be so wide, much larger than the narrow airplane passing through the clouds. So they used a computer model to study what was happening, and found that heat released when the water freezes warms the air around it, causing the air to move upward at the center of the hole and spreading out to move downward at the edges.

Chris Westbrook of the University of Reading in England, said what is new in this study is that use of a computer model to study the reaction of the cloud to this process, in particular the effect on the air motion around the hole. Westbrook, who has done similar research but was not part of this team, said that finding differs from what has been seen in England, "so this is certainly still an area of uncertainty and active study. It may perhaps be that the air circulation reverses in the later stages of the hole's evolution."

Understanding these processes, Westbrook added, can "give us some insight into the basic science of how clouds work, how the microscopic processes of tiny ice crystals and droplets interact with the large-scale air motion which drives the clouds, and how the seeds of precipitation are sown." Kenneth Sassen, of the University of Alaska Fairbanks, said the report adds detail to a phenomenon that has been noted before.

"This is an interesting effect of aircraft penetrating super-cooled water clouds, and illustrates the basic result when ice and super-cooled water get mixed together, but I doubt that in more than a handful of cases could airports, or the surrounding areas, experience any problems," said Sassen, who was not part of the research team.

Airports studied by Heymsfield's team were London Heathrow, Frankfurt, Paris Charles De Gaulle, Seattle-Tacoma, Chicago O'Hare and Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada; plus Byrd Station in Antarctica.

As great as Black Tea Benefits Green Tea

Green tea is famous for great usefulness because of the high antioxidant content. Not to mention be able to prevent many chronic diseases. Whereas black tea has long been known to have similar efficacy.

Many people believe that green tea has a high efficacy for health, so that those who implement healthy lifestyle, choose the more expensive green tea. Yet according to Dr Carrie Ruxton, a cup of black tea were able to reduce the risk of cancer, stroke, diabetes, or tooth decay.

Dr Carrie Ruxton, nutritionist, said that black tea contains compounds catechins, theaflavins and antioxidants. This substance is useful in counteracting free radicals, which are crucial to the health and benefits no less great with green tea.

In his research, he discovered the same compound between black tea and green tea. The content contained in these two types of tea can improve blood vessel function that reduces the risk of stroke significantly.

The study, published in 'Journal of Network Health Dieticians' this, concluded that black tea and green tea comes from the camellia plant has sinesis similar compounds. Also has health benefits as well as good.

Of the 17 studies conducted in 2011 and then, it was found that the risk of heart attacks in people who drank three cups of black tea every day, 11% lower than those who do not.

In addition, Dr. Catherine Hood from the Tea Advisory Panel said, "Black tea has increasingly shown its benefits for health. For those who already know, black tea is the new green. "Green tea and black tea at great usefulness. Only, the price of green tea is more expensive than black tea. So, to select which one?

Oldest Chicken Or Egg? The answer : Chicken

When asked, "Where Oldest between the chicken and the egg?", many people are still confused to answer. Scientists from the universities in Sheffield and Warwick reported, as quoted from Mailonline, the answer is chicken. The findings were published in the paper "Structural Control Of Crystal Nuclei By An Eggshell Proteins". Still from the same source, the shell that forms depends on protein substances which exist only in the uterus of chicken. This means that the eggshell will be formed only if it is in the chicken.

Protein called ovocledidin-17, or OC-17 - act as a catalyst to accelerate the development of the egg shell and change the calcium carbonate into calcite crystals that form eggshells. Calcite crystals in a variety of bone and shell, but they formed more rapidly in the chicken. Poultry was able to produce 6 grams of egg shells every 24 hours. While the computers used by scientists, named Hector that proves that the OC-17 is very important in initiating the early stages of crystallization or the creation of the egg shell.

Grouping based on the Types of Dogs

Talking about the classification of dogs are diverse. Why, because today there are hundreds of types of dog on earth. Kinologi Federation International (FCI) based in Brussels (Germany) establish the classification of the dog viewed from the appearance, physical properties and usefulness.Meanwhile, some experts continue to debate the dogs are still dogs according to the criteria of classification of types of their own. In medieval times, the classification of types of dogs set 4 types of dogs, ie wolf, mastif, hound and greyhound.The debates about the classification of types of dogs are made more interesting repertoire of the dog world. At present, could be a classification of types of dogs according to the British system is the most widely known. This type of dog according to this system is a terrier, hound, gundog, utility, working dogs and toy.

1. Type Gundog 
Stamina, endurance and strength of this type of dog is incredible. Even so, this type of dog as a dog does not fit digunbakan penajaga. Originally diguanakan often as a friend hunting.Example: Pointer, Weimaraner, Cocker Spaniel, Labrador Retriever, Cocker Spaniel Aemerican, Golden retrievers, etc..

2. Type Hound 
Characteristic of this type of dog is short haired with medium body size. Is a beagle and a reliable keeper. These types of dogs there that have a sharpness of smell and eyesight.Example: Beagle, Basenji, Miniature Dachsund, Basset Hound, Saluki, Greyhpound, etc..
 
3. Type terrier 
This type of dog head shape slender, oval and rectangular. Terrier called because like digging the soil. He was originally a hunting dog is often used as a small animal. Even so, this type of dog known as a brave. Generally, this type of naming a dog is always followed by a word such as Bull terrier terrier etc..

4. Toy Type 
Physical form of this type are generally small dog, unique, cute and obedient. It is also very friendly with humans.Example: Pomeranian, Chihuahua, Pekingese, Pug, Maltese, Miniature Pinscher, etc..

5. Utility Type 
Type the characters in this dog obedient to his master. Therefore, in accordance with its type name, type of dog is most easily bred for different usage.Example: Bulldog, French Bulldog, Shih Tzu, Boston terrier, Chow-chow, Dalmatian, etc..

6. Working 
Dogs of this type has the advantage of all the groups of dogs. Generally large, tend to be fierce and courageous death. Dogs of this type are also very intelligent, loyal and obedient to his master. In addition, stamina, speed run, the sense of sight and smell incredible. Therefore, this dog type is suitable as a guard.Example: Siberian Husky, Doberman, Great Dane, Rottweiler, Mastiff, St. Bernard, Boxer, Sheperd Germany, etc..

Classifying the types of dogs on top is one of the existing grouping. There are many other theories about the grouping of dogs.

10 CARA BERHEMAT

Ada sepuluh ide untuk melakukan penghematan dengan cara sederhana, yang mudah dilakukan tanpa harus menjadi pelit.

1. Bawa air minum

Membeli air minum dalam kemasan tak hanya menambah sampah plastik tapi juga memboroskan uang. Bayangkan, jika dalam sehari Anda membeli sebotol air minum dengan harga Rp 3000, dalam sebulan Anda menghabiskan Rp 90 ribu. Sebagai gantinya, belilah botol minum sendiri — yang bisa diisi ulang.

2. Membawa daftar belanjaan

Buatlah daftar belanjaan sebelum pergi berbelanja ke toko. Pastikan daftar Anda hanya berisikan barang-barang yang memang Anda butuhkan. Hanya barang yang masuk daftar yang boleh dibeli, lainnya tidak.

3. Berjalan kaki lebih sering
Cobalah jalan kaki jika tujuan Anda cukup dekat. Kurangi ketergantungan terhadap kendaraan pribadi dan gunakan kendaraan umum. Anda juga bisa mencoba memberi tumpangan dengan teman yang searah. Informasinya bisa didapat melalui beberapa komunitas yang  berbagi kendaraan seperti www.nebeng.com.
4. Manfaatkan perpustakaan
Anda tidak perlu senantiasa membeli buku baru. Kunjungilah perpustakaan untuk mencari buku yang diperlukan.
5. Kurangi makan di luar
Usahakan memasak dan membawa bekal makan siang untuk di kantor. Memasak akan menghemat banyak biaya dibandingkan selalu makan di luar.
6.Jauhi ATM asing
Menarik uang dari bank selain bank Anda bisa menyebabkan pemotongan uang dari rekening. Jumlahnya bervariasi mulai dari Rp 3000 hingga Rp 20 ribu. Nilai ini nampaknya kecil, tapi bayangkan jumlah totalnya jika sering dilakukan.

7. Membuat kopi sendiri
Daripada membeli kopi mahal di kafe, lebih baik minum kopi buatan sendiri. Sedikit-sedikit mengirit lama-lama jadi bukit.
8. Kurangi ke mal
Jalan-jalan ke mal bisa mendatangkan banyak godaan untuk membeli barang secara impulsif. Maka itu, lebih baik habiskan waktu libur dengan piknik ke taman atau museum.
9. Manfaatkan kartu diskon
Beberapa toko menawarkan diskon bagi pelanggan yang punya kartu anggota. Manfaatkan hal ini dengan bijak. Awas, ini berbeda dengan membeli barang diskon yang sebenarnya tidak dibutuhkan.
10. Daur ulang
Kreatiflah: ada banyak ide yang bisa dilakukan untuk mendaur ulang barang yang tak digunakan lagi. Misalnya, memadukan pakaian lama dengan baju lain sehingga menjadi lebih menarik.

Garuda Wisnu Kencana (GWK)

Salah satu tempat favorit yang sering dikunjungi di kawasan Bukit Jimbaran adalah Garuda Wisnu Kencana atau lebih populer dengan sebutan GWK (sama seperti Presiden Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono yang lebih terkenal dengan SBY atau es be ye).

Patung ini berlokasi di dekat Ungasan – Bukit Jimbaran Bali. Karya masterpiece seniman Bali, I Nyoman Nuarta. Kawasan ini rencananya  dikembangkan sebagai taman budaya dan menjadi landmark bagi pariwisata Bali dan Indonesia. Kalau kita mengunjungi objek wisata lain seperti Dreamland (pecatu resorts) ataupun Uluwatu, kita akan melewati GWK.

Hightlight dari objek wisata ini adalah 2 patung, yaitu Patung Wisnu dan Patung Garuda. Patung yang berwujud Dewa Wisnu yang dalam agama Hindu adalah dewa Pelindung dan pemelihara, mengendarai burung Garuda. Diambil dari cerita “garuda & kerajaannya” dimana rasa bhakti dan pengorbanan burung Garuda untuk menyelamatkan ibunya dari perbudakan dan  akhirnya dilindungi oleh Dewa Wisnu.

Patung ini dibangun dengan ketinggian 140 meter, diproyeksikan untuk mengikat tata ruang dengan jarak pandang sampai dengan 20 km sehingga dapat terlihat dari Kuta, Sanur, hingga Nusa Dua . Patung Garuda Wisnu Kencana ini merupakan simbol dari misi penyelamatan lingkungan dan dunia.

Kompleks lapangan GWK sering dipakai sebagai tempat konser atau launching perusahaan di Bali. Di malam hari, kita bisa menikmati kerlap-kerlip lampu di bagian bawah seperti Jimbaran, Benoa dan juga Kuta.

Sports Right According to Zodiac

Each zodiac has a distinctive character. This also affects the type of exercise that right. Each zodiac has a ways and views on issues of fitness and body beautiful. Want to know the proper exercise according to your zodiac?  

Capricorn.  

Capricorn meticulous research and calculations before embarking on his chosen sport.For example, want to practice yoga, Capricorn will choose the correct type of yoga that is appropriate even though the teacher quality. When they are convinced exercise effective choice and will not make them hurt, Capricorn will start new exercise routines.

Aquarius 
Aquarius is very difficult to predict. When the spirit of seeking exercise already existed, they would live it very seriously. Even at practice, as if they were chasing a target will appear in the Olympics. But otherwise, if not have a strong desire, they will ignore the physical fitness at all.

Pisces 
Pisces tend to choose sports that bring them back to nature. Zodiac bearing the owner of this fish likes sports that made up their mind more relaxed and free of stress, such as swimming, walking, or yoga. 
Aries 
Aries are very pleased to have the body fit with a good physique. But they do not want to have to exercise for hours in a closed room and a boring tool. Aries will prefer to take African dance classes are more dynamic with a lively musical instrument. They also do not hesitate to join masculine sports such as football or futsal. 
Taurus 
Taurus including pibadi a stable and consistent. If they've chosen sport pilates for toning the stomach, the zodiac bearing the buffalo is going to do to get a flat stomach. Taurus is also very disciplined try to maintain that beautiful belly. 
Gemini 
Gemini tried various kinds of sports such as kickboxing, yoga, belly dancing till. But it was never completed. Gemini character they should have hesitated to make a special motivator that makes them want to continue my chosen sport. 
Cancer 
Whatever the exercise, if Cancer has a strong commitment, they will live it with passion. But the crab is an occasional need for something new. Cancer is sensitive, needs to also get a fresh atmosphere outside of regular exercise. 
Leo 
When it came time to exercise, the spirit of Leo passionate. But often also the intention of exercising to lose with the temptation to clubbing or just hanging out with friends. The lion must truly believe exercise is important to maintain appearances, only he would do so with strong determination. 
Virgo 
Virgo is very conscious that sport is one way to happiness. They are also very conscious, having healthy and beautiful body requires commitment and discipline. Virgo will not be obsessed with exercise to make the body beautiful. But they exercise to seek the balance of body and soul.

Libra 
Libra was not too concerned with the affairs of maintaining fitness and body shape beautifully. They could have paddle boats on the lake as much as three rounds, but will reject if you do it with the routine. Throughout their health and Events him feel quite balanced, Libra will defend it in a way that makes it comfortable. 
Scorpio 
Here the lovers challenge. Scorpio really like things extreme. The scorpion is not reluctant to surf on the beach rather than swim in the pool. Surge of adrenaline during exercise extreme make them more healthy. But first, Scorpio must warm up for no injuries. 
Sagittarius 
The archer is very fond of sport in nature. Cycling along the wild instincts will improve their fitness at the same time. Vacation to the beach will be utilized to maintain body fitness, for example by running or yoga. For Sagittarius, sports and adventure activities, nature is inseparable.

New discovery! To be electrocuted Brain Smart

Oxford, Diskalkulia a learning disorder characterized by difficulties in calculating the figures. The flow of electricity in certain parts of the brain was able to overcome these problems and even its effects can last up to 6 months.

Of course, how to supply power to the brain is not as easy to turn on the lights. There are certain techniques which if not done properly it causes the opposite effect that is increasingly difficult to do the math.

In an experiment, scientists from Oxford University were able to find appropriate techniques to overcome diskalkulia with electricity. This experiment involving 15 students ranging in age from 20 to 21 years.

When an electric current of 1 miliampere (mA) flowed in the brain in the parietal lobe that regulates the ability of numerical and mathematical, the volunteers feel the effect is quite significant. But its effect depends on the direction of flow berfariasi electricity.

If the flow of the right parietal lobe to the left, numeracy volunteers increased by 2-fold. Conversely when it flowed from left to right, his ability to fall dramatically until the equivalent to the ability of children aged 6 years.

Because the technique is much more complicated indeed, one of the scientists namely Dr. Cohen Kadosh reminded that this technique does not try yourself at home. However this technique is still in test phase so that still need further research before widespread use.

"This will not change someone to be as smart as Einstein, but Juka lucky someday be useful for those who experience specific learning difficulties such as diskalkulia," said Dr Kadosh as quoted by the Telegraph.

Anti Mosquito Plants

 

ROSEMARY PLANT SI insect repellent

If the view of the physical form, this rosemary plant less attractive if used as ornamental plants. But if you look at the function do not be surprised if many people are looking for this plant. As hard rod plant, rosemary plant form is no different from other similar plants.

The surplus only in the smell was terrible. Dark green leaf color and leaf shape taper.
But the stinging smell is what man sought after, because the smell that wafted in the breeze as this plant can actually repel mosquitoes, which recognized the advantages of plant powerful enough away mosquitoes that make many people hunted.
Although lavender plants and zodiac are also able to be used to repel mosquitoes. But the rosemary plant remains the most sought-after people.

This is because in addition to a very easy maintenance, plant rosemary was very strong and resistant to pest attack. In contrast to the lavender and the zodiac.